Israeli forces bombarded a Gaza refugee camp on Friday after a deadly strike on a UN-run school there, as the war sparked by Hamas’s unprecedented attack on Israel entered its ninth month.

The conflict has killed thousands, laid waste to much of the Gaza Strip, uprooted most of its 2.4 million population and put them at risk of starvation.

Efforts to mediate the first ceasefire since a week-long pause in November appear to have stalled, only a week after US president Joe Biden offered a new roadmap.

Hamas has yet to respond to Biden’s proposal, while Israel has expressed openness to discussions but remains committed to its goal of destroying the Palestinian Islamist group.

Al-Aqsa Martyrs hospital in Deir al-Balah, central Gaza, said at least 37 people were killed in Thursday’s Israeli strike on the UN-run school in Nuseirat camp.

The Israeli military said its fighter jets killed nine ‘terrorists’ in three classrooms where about 30 militants from Hamas and Islamic Jihad were hiding.

The United Nations agency for Palestinian refugees, UNRWA, said hundreds of displaced Gazans were sheltering at the school, which was ‘hit without prior warning’.

UN secretary-general Antonio Guterres described the strike as ‘horrific’, while Egypt’s foreign minister Ahmed Abu Zeid condemned what he called the ‘deliberate bombing of an UNRWA school’.

‘Israeli violations of Palestinian rights continue day after day, in full view of the civilised world,’ Zeid said on X.

The United States, which provides Israel with $3.8 billion in annual military aid, urged its ally to be ‘fully’ transparent about the strike.

Israel accuses Hamas and its allies in Gaza of using schools, hospitals and other civilian infrastructure, including UN-run facilities, as operational centres — charges the militants deny.

A day after the school was struck, eyewitnesses said the Nuseirat refugee camp came under attack again as Gaza faced Israeli attacks from land, sea, and air.

Witnesses also reported Israeli strikes east of Deir al-Balah and intensive fire from army vehicles near the Bureij camp, where a blaze was raging.

The Israeli military said it ‘eliminated dozens of terrorists’ in eastern Bureij and Deir al-Balah. It released footage of soldiers conducting operations in bombed-out buildings in the southern city of Rafah.

Six people were killed and several wounded in an Israeli strike on the Wafati home in Maghazi camp, said a source at Al-Aqsa Martyrs hospital.

Fighter jets targeted the Al-Sultan neighbourhood of Rafah, sources in the city on the border with Egypt said.

Gaza also came under fire from the sea, with Israeli warships bombarding homes in the fishermen’s port and other areas west of Gaza City, an AFP correspondent said.

Osama al-Kahlut of the Palestinian Red Crescent Society said ‘occupation forces and snipers’ east of Deir al-Balah were firing on people along Gaza’s main thoroughfare.

‘Gunfire on Salaheddin Street has severely restricted people’s movement, and several wounded people have been evacuated from the area,’ he said.

The war was sparked by Hamas’s October 7 attack, which resulted in the deaths of 1,194 people, mostly civilians, according to an AFP tally based on Israeli official figures.

Militants also took 251 hostages, 120 of whom remain in Gaza, including 41 the army says are dead.

Israel’s retaliatory military offensive has killed at least 36,731 people in Gaza, also mostly civilians, according to the Hamas-run territory’s health ministry. Seventy-seven were killed in the past 24 hours, it said.

Israel has faced growing diplomatic isolation, with international court cases accusing it of war crimes and several European countries recognising a Palestinian state.

Spain, which last week sparked Israeli fury by formally recognising Palestinian statehood, has said it would become the latest country to join South Africa’s case at the International Court of Justice accusing Israel of ‘genocide’ against Gazans.

Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu has meanwhile accepted an invitation from US lawmakers to address Congress on July 24, a congressional source said.

A week ago, Biden outlined what he labelled an Israeli plan to halt the fighting for six weeks while hostages are exchanged for Palestinian prisoners in Israeli jails and the delivery of aid into Gaza is stepped up.

G7 powers and Arab states have backed the proposal, with 16 world leaders joining Biden’s call for Hamas to accept the deal.

‘There is no time to lose. We call on Hamas to close this agreement,’ the joint statement said.

Egypt’s state-linked Al-Qahera news quoted a high-level source on Thursday saying Cairo had ‘received positive signs from the Palestinian movement signalling its aspiration for a ceasefire’.

But the Beirut-based senior Hamas official Osama Hamdan cast doubt on the proposal, calling it ‘just words’.

Qatar said on Thursday that Hamas has not yet given its response to the truce plan.

Major sticking points include Hamas insisting on a permanent truce and full Israeli withdrawal — demands Israel has rejected.

The war has caused tensions to soar across the Middle East, with increased violence between Israel and its allies on one side, and Iran-backed armed groups on the other.

The Israeli military on Thursday announced a soldier was killed in a drone strike by Lebanon’s Iran-backed Hezbollah militant group the day before on Hurfeish.

Israeli politicians have threatened more intense fighting against Hezbollah.

Netanyahu said this week that Israel was ‘prepared for a very intense operation’ along the border with Lebanon.

‘The state of Israel is in a difficult campaign on many fronts,’ he said. ‘This effort is being carried out amid complicated international pressure on us.’